Radio equipment



Deb. l4 1926. 1,610.55!

I. W. EISENBERG RADIO EQUIPMENT Filed March 28. 1923 Patented l llhllTEl) STATES IRWIN W. EISENBERG, OF ALHAME RATJIG EQUIPMEL T.

Application filed March 28, 1923.

My invention relates to the art or radio telephony and relates particularly to an improvement in receiving sets whereby an increase in audihility and definition in tonal qualities may be a 'tained in the use of standard detector equipment.

It is the object of the invention to provide a novel type of condenser having three poles instead of the ordinary two poles. this condenser being connected both in series with the secondary coil oil the vario condenser andacross the phones or, in other words, across the audio circuit and across the phones.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a condenser which gives an increased capacity owing to the peculiar arrangement thereot and whica may be so connected in a radio receivino set that the sharpness and the tonal qualities, as well the intensity thereof, are greatly increased.

It is a still, turther object of the invention to provide an improved system; of circuits in a radio receiving equipment, which system incorporates my improved condenser.

The especial advantages of the invention and further objects thereof will be made evident hereinafter.

Referring to the drawing illustrative purposes only:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of my three pole condenser.

Fig. 52 is a sectional view taken upon a plane represented by the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a .ction similar to Fig. 2 showing the manner in which the capacity of the condenser may be varied by rotating the rotatably mounted segments between the stationary segments. I

Fig. 4. is a diagrammatic view illustrating the action which is produced within the condenser.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing my improved radio receiving equipment in which my three pole condenser is employed.

The condenser asshown in Fig. l, is provided with an insulated base 11 having standards 12 and 13 made of libel or other insulating material. Between the standards, semi-circular condenser plates 15 and 16 are supported upon liher rods 17. having spacing bushings 18 for holding the plates 15 and 16 in separated position. The plates 16, shown in Fig. 2, are notched as indicated at 20, these notches being formed in which is f0 r improved front side of the shown in Fig. with notches 21 Through and 16 e1: end through the manner that the plates t l rearward rods Q-l.

eld out of engagement trical contact with and the plates 16 are 1 with the forward rods 23.

It will he perceived tl at by this ar ange n'rent the plates 1-5 are electrically connected through the forward rod 2-3 which has a binding post 27 mounted upon the leftward, end thereof, while the plates 16 are electrica ly connected th oupih the rearward rod 2% which has a binding post mounted upon the rightward end thereot'. Semi-circular plates 30 are supported upon a shaft 31 in a position substantially concentric with the stationary plates 15 and By rotating the thumb knob 32 mounted upon the shaft 31, the plates 30, which are of smaller dia ieter than the plates 15 and 16, may he rotated through the intermediate position shown in Fig. ln tl is manner the capacity of the condenser may be varied by varythe area of e ttension of the plates 30 between the stationary plates 15 and 16. Upon the standard 12 a contact: spring 35 is mounted which bears against the end of the shaft 31, and a binding post 36 is provided whereby the plates 30 may be connected into a circuit.

In the diagram, Fig. 41;. I show what I be lieve to be the capacity el'lects attained in the three pole combination I employ in my condenser. It is in'ipossible for me to state with absolute finality the conditions produced within this condenser, but the theory hereinafter set forth is the only explanation that l have, up to the present time, been able to develop which will support the increase in capacity and im roved tonal ei'l'ects obtained in a radio receiving;- set when my invention is employed therewith. its illustrated in Fig. 4; the plates 30 extend between the plates l5 and 16. The plates 15 are electrically connected as indicated at d0 and the 16 are electrically connected as indiat It is evident that there will occur in the use oi? the condenser a capacity till lOU

between the plates and the plates 15, as indicated at 13, and that there will also be a capacity between the plates 30 and the plates 16, as indicated at 44. The fact that the plates 15 and 16 are adjacently located and are connected with separate circuits would indicate that a condenser capacity, indicated at 45, is created therebetween, this rapacity being intermediate in its action and serving to eliminate vicarious oscillations within the circuit.

In Fig. 5 1 show my improved form of radio receiving set with which I employ the condenser hereinbefore described. in this figure, indicates an aerial which leads through the primary 51 of a vario coupler and through a variable condenser 5: to the ground 53. The receiving equipment shown in this figure is a combined direct and in.- ductant type in which a vacuum tube 5-1- of types similar in operation to the audion rectifier is employed. This rectifier is provided with a filament 55 which is adapted to be energized from a battery 56, having a rheostat 57 associated therewith. The open circuitis connected to the filament by a conductor 58; and a conductor 59, having a condenser 60 therein, extends from the aerial lead to the grid 61 of the rectifier 541. The audio or phone circuit employed with this device incorporates the secondary winding 65 of the vario coupler, conductors 66 extending to the plate 67 of the rectifier 5%, a circuit 68 having a battery 69 therein ant extending to one side of the phones 70, and a conductor 71 extending between the opposite side of the phones and the secondary vario coupler coil 65. My improved form of condenser 73 has the plates 30 connected into the conductor 71, while the plates 15 thereof are connected with the conductor 66, and the plates 16 connect into the conductor 68 at a point between the battery 69 and the phones 70.

The filament 55, when heated by electrical energy from the battery 66, radiates negative electrons which interfere with the negative flow of electricity in the audio circuit. lhe presence of the grid 61 in turn interferes with the negative flow from the fila-' ment 55, so that the only electrical flow which can occur through the rectifier is in a positive direction, or. in other words, from the plate 67 to the filament The tendency of the battery 69 is to impound a steady positive flow of current through phones 76 and through the audio circuit. It will be seen that the induced electrical charge in the audio circuit oscillates the positive fiow of electricity from the battery will be reinforced by positive impulses from the sec ondary 65, and will pass from the plate 67 to the filament thence continuing); through the audio or phone circuit. In this manner, the variations in the intensity of the ether waves received by the aerial 50 are made detectible in the form.of sound vibrations at the phones l i' henevcr current in the phone circuit oscillatcs in the direction indicated by the arrow 75, the plates 15 are charged with positive electri and the plates 30 are atively charged, likewise, the plates 16 be connected to the iositive side of the battery 69 are also positively charges It will be seen, therefore, that during this positive flow in the phone circuit. the capacity of the condenser attracts a certain portion of the positive flow of electricity, which is released upon the changing of the tlow in the secondary 65 to a negative, or in other words in reverse direction, thereby producing or reinforcing oscillations of current in.

the phone circuit. In other words, separate oscillating circuits are set up through the condenser, one f these circuits being comprised of the plates 16 and 36, the conductor T5, the phones T0, and the conductor 76. li h n the flow through the secondary 65 revcrses. as hcreinbeforc described, the plates 15 and 16 become negatively impressed, while the plate 80 becomes positive, thereuoon a reverse oscillation is produced through the phones 70, this reversed flow through the phones 70 acting against the positive. flow of the battery therethrough, which has the effect of reducing the magnetic action within the phones caused by the positive flow of electricity from the battery 69, thereby causing a considerable increase in the amplitude of vibration attained in the phone diaphragm. The plates 15 and 30 act in combination as a condenser across the secondary 65 and create oscillations in this circuit. The capacity between the plates 15 and 16 also comes into effect and assists in producing clear audibility and definition in tonal qualities. 1 have found that by the use of my improved condenser, an ordinary vacuum tube receiving equipment can be given an increased efficiency of 25 to 50% in sharpness, or definition, quality, and intensity of sound produced therein.

Although the condenser has its particular application as herein described, it may be employed in various other manners in radio and telephone equipment, and I therefore desire that it be limited in scope only by the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a condenser, the combination of: a series of primary plates connected by a single conducting; means; and separate series of secondary plates. the plates of each separate series being disposed alternately adjacent and connected together. and each series being insulated from the other.

2. In a condenser, the combination of: a

series of primary plates connected by a 1 single conducting means; separate series of secondary plates, the plates of each separate series being disposed alternately adjacent and connected together, and each series being insulated from the other; and means for providing relative movement between the primary series and secondary series of plates for the purpose of varying the capacities thereof.

3. In a condenser the combination of: a series of primary plates mounted upon a shaft and electrically connected thereby; and separate series of secondary plates mounted so that said plates are interposed between said primary plates, alternate plates of the secondary series being insulated from the intermediate plates of the secondary series and electrically connected, the plates of the secondary series all being insulated from the plates of the primary series.

4. In a condenser the combination of: a series of primary plates mounted upon a rotatable shaft and electrically connected thereby; and separate series of secondary plates mounted relatively stationary and so that said plates are interposed between said primary plates, alternate plates of the secondary series being insulated from the intermediate plates of the secondary series and electrically connected, the plates of the secondary series all being insulated from the plates of the primary series.

5. In a condenser the combination of: a supporting member having oppositely disposed arms; a shaft extended between said arms; a series of semi-circular primary plates mounted upon said shaft and electrically connected thereby; secondary plates supported on said arms and regularly spaced thereon intermediately of said primary plates, alternate plates of said secondary series being insulated from the intermediate plates of the secondary series and electrically connected, the plates of the secondary series all being insulated from the plates of the primary series; and means for relatively moving the primary and secondary plates for the purpose of varying the capacities thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 21st day of March, 1923.

IRWIN W. EISENBERG. 

